ASTM D5886-1995(2006) 透过特殊用途土工薄膜的流体渗透率测试方法选择的标准指南

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforSelectionofTestMethodstoDetermineRateofFluidPermeationThroughGeomembranesforSpecificApplications
【原文标准名称】:透过特殊用途土工薄膜的流体渗透率测试方法选择的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD5886-1995(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1995
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D35.10
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:漫延气体;水库;渗透率;处理;废弃材料;蒸气;可变形薄膜衬垫;透过土工薄膜的液体渗透率;离子传输;有机物蒸气传输;聚合物土工薄膜;水蒸气传输;浸泡;浸出;物障;导则
【英文主题词】:barriers;diffusionofgasesandvapors;flexiblemembraneliners(FMLs);gastransmission;leachate;organicvaportransmission;permeability;polymericgeomembranes;reservoirs;transportofchemicalspecies;transportofions;wastedisposal;
【摘要】:Theprincipalcharacteristicofgeomembranesistheirintrinsicallylowpermeabilitytoabroadrangeofgases,vapors,andliquids,bothassingle-componentfluidsandascomplexmixturesofmanyconstituents.Aslowpermeablematerials,geomembranesarebeingusedinawiderangeofengineeringapplicationsingeotechnical,environmental,andtransportationareasasbarrierstocontrolthemigrationofmobilefluidsandtheirconstituents.Therangeofpotentialpermeantsisbroadandtheserviceconditionscandiffergreatly.Thisguideshowsuserstestmethodsavailablefordeterminingthepermeabilityofgeomembranestovariouspermeants.Thetransmissionofvariousspeciesthroughageomembraneissubjecttomanyfactorsthatmustbeassessedinordertobeabletopredictitseffectivenessforaspecificservice.Permeabilitymeasurementsareaffectedbytestconditions,andmeasurementsmadebyonemethodcannotbetranslatedfromoneapplicationtoanother.Awidevarietyofpermeabilitytestshavebeendevisedtomeasurethepermeabilityofpolymericmaterials;however,onlyalimitednumberoftheseprocedureshavebeenappliedtogeomembranes.Testconditionsandproceduresshouldbeselectedtoreflectactualservicerequirementsascloselyaspossible.Itshouldbenotedthatfieldconditionsmaybedifficulttomodelormaintaininthelaboratory.Thismayimpactapparentperformanceofgeomembranesamples.Thisguidediscussesthemechanismofpermeationofmobilechemicalspeciesthroughgeomembranesandthepermeabilityteststhatarerelevanttovarioustypesofapplicationsandpermeatingspecies.Specifictestsforthepermeabilityofgeomembranestobothsingle-componentfluidsandmulticomponentfluidsthatcontainavarietyofpermeantsaredescribedanddiscussed.1.1Thisguidecoversselectingoneormoreappropriatetestmethodstoassessthepermeabilityofallcandidategeomembranesforaproposedspecificapplicationtovariouspermeants.Thewidelydifferentusesofgeomembranesasbarrierstothetransportandmigrationofdifferentgases,vapors,andliquidsunderdifferentserviceconditionsrequiredeterminationsofpermeabilitybytestmethodsthatrelatetoandsimulatetheservice.Geomembranesarenonporoushomogeneousmaterialsthatarepermeableinvaryingdegreestogases,vapors,andliquidsonamolecularscaleinathree-stepprocess(1)bydissolutioninorabsorptionbythegeomembraneontheupstreamside,(2)diffusionthroughthegeomembrane,and(3)desorptiononthedownstreamsideofthebarrier.1.2Therateoftransmissionofagivenchemicalspecies,whetherasasinglepermeantorinmixtures,isdrivenbyitschemicalpotentialorinpracticaltermsbyitsconcentrationgradientacrossthegeomembrane.Variousmethodstoassessthepermeabilityofgeomembranestosinglecomponentpermeants,suchasindividualgases,vapors,andliquidsarereferencedandbrieflydescribed.1.3Varioustestmethodsforthemeasurementofpermeationandtransmissionthroughgeomembranesofindividualspeciesincomplexmixturessuchaswasteliquidsarediscussed.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:P85;G33
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_30;17_120_01
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】: